The Shortest History of Ireland, by James Hawes

Summary: “… in this great future we can’t forget our past, so dry your tears I say…”

Perhaps not quite as arresting as his Shortest History of Germany, but James Hawes Shortest History of Ireland is an exquisite thing. 

Rather than allow himself to lose narrative momentum, Hawes does, perhaps, skip over a few historical controversies – notably the impact of the Invincibles’ atrocity on the Kilmainham “Treaty”, and Collins role in the assassination of Henry Wilson. But the overall coherence of that narrative, his rigorous attention to evidence, the entertainment of his storytelling and the elegance of the prose are exceptional.

It is refreshing to see proper attention given to the role of Hume in the peace process. This has become something of a rarity in recent accounts which tend to emphasise the parallel squalid spooky shenanigans that some English writers (yes I do mean Peter Taylor!) like to dubiously  assert were central. 

This is immediately the best concise history of Ireland available anywhere. So, it is nice that it concludes on a hopeful note albeit one that must be underpinned by caution: Irish reunification is now inevitable. 

To grasp the full potential of this demands careful planning, perhaps aiming for a new federal constitution based on the four provinces. The current Dublin-centric model of government hordes power in the very way the English did during their colonial exploitation of the island to the continuing detriment of those living “beyond the Pale.”

So, if this book has a moral it’s that if today’s Irish politicians don’t rapidly reconvene the New Ireland Forum to gather evidence and plan for the future, then they will deserve every iota of historical ignominy that will inevitably be heaped upon them. 

Life so far

On turning 60, I thought I should take stock to ponder if have spent my years usefully.

So what have I actually achieved?

Tick tock
  1. I started my professional career working for a couple of years organising hand dug wells for water, and check dams for soil conservation, in rural Ethiopia and Eritrea.
  2. Then I designed a piped water system for a quarter of a million war-displaced people outside Jalalabad in Afghanistan.
  3. After pushing papers in Oxford for a year or so I led a water, sanitation and public health programme for a quarter of a million war-displaced people in the besieged cities of the Angolan interior for the best part of five years.
  4. During that time I caught a sailfish off the coast of Angola. Tagged and released it.
  5. After Angola I learned to dive.
  6. Then I earned a PhD.
  7. I was appointed director of Anti-Slavery in 2006 and immediately had to organise its financial turnaround.
  8. I successfully advocated for making slavery eradication a post-2015 development goal.
  9. I found a woman who’d put up with me.
  10. I contributed to the introduction of a new statute in British law proscribing forced labour.
  11. I ran a marathon, very slowly.
  12. I helped expose slavery in the manufacture of garments for Western high street brands.
  13. I won Mastermind with the specialist subjects Michael Collins, the novels of Dennis Lehane, and Abraham Lincoln.
  14. I helped develop the jurisprudence around “abuse of a position of vulnerability” as a means of trafficking in the case of Chowdury et al v Greece at the European Court of Human Rights.
  15. I helped obtain inclusion of victim protection and supply chain transparency measures in the UK Modern Slavery Act (2015).
  16. I achieved recognition of forced marriage as slavery in the International Labour Organization’s 2017 estimates of global slavery.
  17. I published my 1st novel – The Undiscovered Country about the investigation of a murder during the Irish war of independence.
  18. I learned how to take a better photograph.
  19. I played a key role in mainstreaming anti-slavery in a major UN migration and livelihoods programme in Myanmar.
  20. I published Ethical Leadership: moral decision-making under pressure
  21. I published my 2nd novel – Some Service to the State about the damage caused by partition on modern Ireland.
  22. I worked out how to end slavery. Wrote it down in a book chapter called “Justice against Power: Marshalling a credible response to slavery eradication.”
  23. I’ve been an expert witness in over 200 trafficking cases.
  24. I began writing a play on the life of Frederick Douglass.
  25. I’ve started writing my fourth book on the Irish peace process… which has given me the idea for another play.

I think, on reflection, I have not led a life of quiet desperation. But that doesn’t mean it’s been without crushing disappointments.

Still, once more onto the breach, once more.

21st Century Candidates for Ambrose Bierce’s Devil’s Dictionary

Summary: an evolving list

Ambrose Bierce, 1842 -1914

Ambrose Bierce defined politics in his Devil’s Dictionary as “A strife of interests masquerading as a contest of principles. The conduct of public affairs for private advantage”.

As Trump, Netanyahu and Putin continue to use this as their platonic ideal, here are a few more commonly used terms to better understand this brand of politics in the 21st Century.

Absence – The hardest thing to hide.

Accountability — A principle once thought central to democracy, now regarded as the bad manners of social inferiors.

Austerity — A political philosophy that insists that the poor must pay for the yachts on which the rich snort their cocaine from the bum cracks of supermodels … which the poor must also pay for.

Betrayal — The dispatch of Caesar by his own signature methods.

Caste — Real discrimination based on imaginary distinctions.

Children — Small humans, cynically manufactured by the enemy in an attempt to taint wholly justifiable collateral damage.

Mikaeil Mirdoraghi on his way to be killed

Climate change — A process that doesn’t exist by which plutocrats manufacture migrants.

Coincidence — Why money, power and the privilege to indulge in any vice remain in the same families for generations.

Collateral damage — The price paid by others so that Caesar can be Caesar.

Colonialism — A system that profoundly shaped the history and geography of the modern world but whose continuing influence is, apparently, not worth talking about.

Complex situation — The choice between doing the right thing and upsetting a rich sex trafficker.

Conscience — Why you can’t keep your fucking gob shut.

Consolation — The knowledge that nits become lice.

Conspiracy — No … nothing to see here … move along.

Context — The reason a “tragic mistake” was all the enemy’s fault. Not to be confused with history, which can lead to a complex situation.

Cooking — How grumpy humans show kindness.

Craic — From the outside, a moment of apparent forgetting; from the inside, the recharging of the pen.

Decency — An elusive quality discovered in Caesar only after the knives have safely done their work.

Democracy — An ancient Athenian idea that important questions of war and peace should be decided by privileged men; two and a half millennia of refinement have preserved this essential character.

Doubt — The most dependable motivation for doing better.

Economic realism — A touching belief in the stories told by plutocrats.

Empathy — An existential threat to plutocrats arising from the dastardly impulses of fellow feeling and compassion.

Enemies — People who may not share your values but recognise your worth.

Exceptionalism — The conviction that accountability and responsibility are admirable principles, provided they don’t apply to us.

Forgetting — What plutocrats and genocidaires depend on most.

Free speech — A universal right, provided it doesn’t upset plutocrats or certain genocidaires.

Friends — The ones that tell you to get back up.

Genocidaires — Human beings who act on the proposition that not all human beings are human beings.

Genocide — Perhaps not a Western invention, but certainly a Western tradition; a realpolitik solution to geopolitical complexities arising from colonialism.

Geography — A branch of moral philosophy that explains why inhabitants of one part of the earth are entitled to more than inhabitants of another.

Geopolitics – A way to blame geography whenever realpolitik is really troubling your conscience.

Great power — Living the Nietzschean dream, far above the morality of loser human beings.

Great power ally — We’re special!

“Hardest week of my life” — For multi-millionaires, a couple of days in which their privilege is threatened.

Heroes — Not necessarily saints.

History — An explanation of the present best avoided lest it threaten the privileges to which one has become accustomed.

Home — To some, a place of warmth in which to raise children and nurture adult love; to others, real estate of variable geopolitical value.

Human moment — A politician’s self-pity.

Human rights — Rights universally acknowledged until someone inconvenient claims them.

Human trafficking — The squalid and evil trade in human beings as if livestock … unless it is found necessary to cut costs in international supply chains or to supply billionaires’ sex parties with children.

Hypocrisy — The art of applying opposite principles with identical conviction.

Impunity — A reasonable privilege accorded to the exceptional.

Inconceivable — A word frequently applied to stuff that’s right bleeding there.

Independent investigation  — A process for discovering that a “tragic mistake” was unavoidable.

Kindness — A tendency to be on the lookout to remove thorns from lions’ paws.

Lessons learned — The process by which wisdom is obtained if you cannot afford impunity.

Literally — If you ever use this word to mean “figuratively”, you are actively contributing to the downfall of human civilisation.

Love — For plutocrats, something that property deserves but humans don’t. For everyone else, it’s reason enough.

Lovers – People you empower to hurt you.

Migrants — Eternally plausible scapegoats for austerity.

Moderation — Appropriate deference to the feelings of plutocrats.

Moral cowardice — Losers being squeamish about genocide and the other essentials of realpolitik.

Pen — Can be a keyboard, so long as you use it like a sword.

Plutocrats – the best humans … even though they don’t really like other humans.

Political realism — An absolute conviction that plutocrats and genocidaires have a point of view worthy of respect.

Pragmatism – An unshakeable basis upon which inconvenient moral principles must founder.

Privilege — Entitlements bestowed by wealth and history, therefore considerably more important than those rights ordinary humans keep bleating on about.

Racism — The colour grading of human beings by idiots, even when no colour is apparent.

Racists— Idiots sufficiently selective in their empathy to serve as useful ones for plutocrats

Realpolitik — A posh name for complicity in atrocities

Responsibility — An elusive quality, once thought central to professionalism, now applied only to those without sufficient privilege.

Rule of Law — An antiquated idea, dating back to Aristotle and Sophocles’ play about that loser Oedipus, that even the privileged should be accountable.

Self-defence — Violence committed by ourselves.

Silence — The promised price of the yacht in trickle-down economics.

Smugness — The quiet satisfaction of knowing your power guarantees impunity.

Special relationship — How vassals describe their vassalage.

Spouse / Partner — The one that puts up with your dirty underwear and still lifts you up.

Stupidity — Telling truths that the smug find unsettling.

Terrorism — Violence committed by the enemy.

Tough choices — Caesar’s difficulty in deciding which of the vulnerable to smite first.

Tragic mistake — Violence committed by ourselves against civilians after we got caught.

Trickle-down economics — A fairy tale told by plutocrats in which you too can one day own a yacht.

Untouchability — The art of declaring other human beings filthy so they can clean up after you, thereby exposing the state of your own soul.

Villains — Often think themselves saints.

Vulnerability — Not just an opportunity to exploit losers, but also the way humans make other humans fall in love with them when they are not rich.

War — A magical term that transforms our perpetrators of atrocities into the real victims here.

War criminal — A genocidaire without geopolitical value.

Wealth — The safest substitute for wisdom and expertise in policy discussions.

Wisdom — The consolation losers derive from losing; rendered obsolete by wealth.

Worst — Never the absolute you might hope it to be.

The careless application of high explosives: reflections in the shadow of the unlawful US-Israel assault on Iran

Summary: The myth that violence solves problems persists despite history often proving the opposite.

At the end of John Steinbeck’s Of Mice and Men, George shoots his friend Lennie. Lennie, a well-meaning but simple-minded man, does not understand his own strength or the fragility of others. So, he has accidentally killed a young woman, and George knows that if the mob reaches him first Lennie will be tortured before he dies. 

Steinbeck understood something that popular culture often forgets: violence rarely solves anything cleanly. Yet in cinema it frequently does. From Westerns to modern action films, societies’ problems are tidily resolved by lethal force.

Wyatt Earp invariably sorts out his society’s ills by use of his six-guns. James Bond’s liquidation of supervillains always makes the world a better place. 

The satisfactory resolution of daunting problems through the use of violence is so commonplace a trope in cinema that it is perhaps now as deeply embedded a cultural idea in the West as that of Santa, and the Easter Bunny. However, unlike these last two myths, some adults seem to continue to believe it. 

Put another way, in spite of the vast historical evidence to the contrary, they believe that the most complex of geo-political problems can be solved, as Eddie Izzard’s character says in the movie Valkyrie, “with the careful application of high explosives.”

Anyone who has any experience of actual war will attest that the matter is much less clear-cut. Violence tends to be the bluntest instrument in problem solving, often ineffective and opening as many new problems as it was meant to resolve. 

As Shakespeare warned, in war the dogs are let slip. The ensuing carnage leads to the ties that bind society being sundered, civilians being slaughtered in even the most “surgical” of military strikes, and the infrastructure of daily life being decimated. 

There may be diverse reasons that people celebrate the unlawful 2026 US-Israeli assaults on Iran and studiously ignore the piles of children’s corpses that have resulted. What those celebrating have in common is a lack of empathy with the innocent falling under the weight of metal, and a lack of imagination about what will transpire. In particular, they fail to conceive of the legacy of bitterness that will result. 

Violence rarely ends a conflict. More often it plants the seeds of the next one. As James Baldwin noted, “The perpetrator always forgets; the victim never does.” Societies that know little history never learn this truth. That has long been true of much of England. It is also true now of the United States. 

Anyone who watched the Tucker Carlson interview with US Senator Ted Cruz will have been struck that US foreign policy is being made now by the spectacularly ignorant. Cruz did not even know the population of a country he thought the US should invade. 

Such people are malicious contemporary equivalents of Steinbeck’s Lenny – simple-mindedly disdainful of complexity, absent of empathy, and contemptuous of those who are fragile before their military strength. 

The world is currently in the hands of such dangerous buffoons, people who treat violence as a solution and assume they will never face consequences for the murderous destruction they unleash. 

Even Steinbeck would be at a loss to find a neat narrative resolution to deliver us from their evil. 

Glorious Exploits, by Ferdia Lennon

Summary: Theatre in a theatre of brutal war.

Glorious Exploits is something of a literary first cousin to Michael Hughes’ superb Country, a retelling of the Iliad transposed to the mountains of South Armagh during the Troubles. 

Like Hughes, Lennon tells his story of the ancient world in an Irish vernacular – Dublish, in this instance – and the result is a comparable dark magic that brings to unsettling life a barbarous moment from humanity’s bleak history. 

In the aftermath of the collapse of the Athenian invasion of Sicily two literature loving Syracuse potters, Lampo, the narrator, and his childhood pal, Gelon, take to visiting the prisoners, exchanging food for snatches of Euripides. After a while Gelon has the idea of staging a full production of Euripides’ masterpieces Medea, and his new play, The Trojan Women, with the doomed Athenian prisoners in the quarry where they are quartered. 

Though his motives are never fully explained, one gets the sense that Gelon hopes to provoke an empathy for the prisoners similar to that Euripides encourages his audiences to feel for his tragic protagonists. This, perhaps, might save both some prisoners and a threatened portion of Syracuse’s soul as it hovers on the edge of a monumental war crime.  

The story is based on a true episode in the ghastly Peloponnesian War, and Lennon’s imaginative exploration of it in turn seeks to provoke in the reader an empathy for the long-dead, and help understanding that war’s pities are a constant in human history.  

Glorious Exploits is a wonderful book. 

Vietnam (mostly) street photography

Summary: “In a country where they turn back time/ You go strolling through the crowd like Peter Lorre/ Contemplating a crime“

Tranquil Books, Hanoi
Lunar new year’s best, Hoan Kiem lake, Hanoi
Dressed for Tet, Hoan Kiem lake,Hanoi
Street vendor, Hanoi
Having the craic, Hanoi
Making the Banh Mi baps
Tea time, Hanoi
In thought, Hue
Traces of battle, imperial palace, Hue
From a gate of the imperial palace, Hue
An Cu Lagoon
Hoi An, Old Town
Lanterns, Hoi An
Hoi An waterfront
From the ashes, Hoi An.
Boat lantern, Hoi An
Facing the rising sun, Phu Quoc
The clean-up crew, Phu Quoc
Saigon
Cu Chi
Cu Chi
Cu Chi
Saigon